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Redari - HELP
Stranica sadrži:
1. Time (vrijeme) -
What time is it? ili What's the time? = (Koliko je sati)
Kada je u pitanju vrijeme i način kako se vrijeme čita na engleskom jeziku treba voditi
računa o sljedećem.
a) Koristimo brojke od 1 do 12. Ako se radi o periodu iza 12h pa sve do ponoći po našem
satu onda i dalje koristimo samo broj od 1 do 12 ali dodamo oznaku p.m. koja je usvojena
iz latinskog jezika a znači "post meridiem" ili poslije podne. Dakle ako je po našem vremenu
18h onda je to na engleskom jeziku 6 p.m. Ako se radi u periodu između ponoći (24/00) i
podneva (12h) tj ako se radi o jutarnjim i prijepodnevnim satima koristimo a.m. što znači
"ante meridiem" na latinskom ili prije podne. Dakle ako se radi o 6 ujutro po našem vremenu
onda je to 6 a.m. Kada odgovaramo na pitanje "What time is it?" ili "What's the time?" uvijek
rečenicu počinjemo sa: It is. Okrugao sat uvijek iza sebe ima frazu o'clock, koja se isključivo
i samo koristi uz puni sat.
Npr. What time is it ? (22h po našem) It' s 10 o'clock p.m.
What's the time? (9 h po našem) It's 9 o'clock a.m.
b) Za period koji se odnosi na prvu polovinu sata dakle od 1. do 29. minuta sata uvijek koristimo
riječ past jer želimo reći koliko je minuta prošlo od najbližeg prethodnog punog sata. Dakle ako
je po našem satu npr 21:10 onda na engleskom jeziku kažemo prvo 10 minutes (ili bez minutes jer
se podrazumijeva) jer prvo kažemo koliko je minuta prošlo od najbližeg sata, pa kažemo past (prošlo)
pa navedemo najbliži puni sat od kojeg je prošlo 10 minuta. Dakle u ovm slučaju kazat ćemo
10 minutes past 9 p.m. - jer je prošlo 10 minuta od 21 h (9 p.m. po engleskom načinu).
Npr. 8 : 05 = It's 5 minutes past 8 a.m.
14: 27 = It's 27 minutes past 2 p.m.
c) Za period koji se odnosi na drugu polovinu sata dakle od 31. do 59. minuta sata uvijek koristimo
riječ to jer želimo reći koliko je minuta do najbližeg narednog punog sata tj najbližeg punog sata
koji slijedi. Dakle ako je po našem satu npr 16:50 onda na engleskom jeziku kažemo prvo 10 minutes
(ili bez minutes jer se podrazumijeva) jer prvo kažemo koliko je minuta do najbližeg narednog punog
sata, pa kažemo to (do) pa navedemo naredni najbliži puni sat tj najbliži puni sat koji slijedi. Dakle u
ovom slučaju kazat ćemo 10 minutes to 5 p.m. - jer je 10 minuta od narednog sata a to je 17 h (5 p.m.
po engleskom načinu).
Npr. 10 : 55 = It's 5 minutes to 11 a.m.
19 : 37 = It's 23 minutes to 8 p.m.
d) Kada je u pitanju period vremena od 15min ili 45min nekog sata koristimo riječ quarter (što znači
četvrt jer 15 minuta iznose jednu četvrtinu sata) a može se reći i 15 minutes. Treba voditi računa da
kada kazaljka za minute pokaže 15 onda se radi po principu koliko je minuta (dakle 15) prošlo od
prethodnog sata i koristi se past (pogledaj gore odlomak b) a kada kazaljka pokaže 45 onda se kaže
koliko je minuta (dakle 15) do narednog najbližeg punog sata i koristi se to (pogledaj gore odlomak c).
Npr. 17:15 = It's quarter (15 minutes) past 5 p.m. 4 : 15 = It's quarter (15 minutes) past 4 a.m.
21:45 = It's quarter (15 minutes) to 10 p.m. 6:45 = It's quarter (15 minutes) to 7 a.m.
e) Kada je u pitanju period vremena od 30 min ili pola sata koristimo riječ half (što znači pola)
i uvije radimo po prinipu gore navedenog odlomka b kada govorimo koliko je minuta (u ovom slučaju
half ili 30 minutes) prošlo od prethodnog punog sata.
Npr. 17:30= It's half (30 minutes) past 5 p.m. 6 : 30= It's half (30 minutes) past 6 a.m.
21:30 = It's half (30 minutes) past 9 p.m. 11 :30= It's half (30 minutes) past 11 a.m.
f) Ostalo: - 12 h = NOON (podne) 24/00 h = MIDNIGHT (ponoć)
Dakle vrijeme sa ovim periodima možete na dva načina čitati:
11:45 = It's quarter to 12 a.m. ili It's quarter to noon.
23:45 = It's quarter to 12 p.m. ili It's quarter to midnight.
12:20 = It's 20 minutes past noon. ili It's 20 minutes past 12 p.m.
00:20 = It's 20 minutes past midnight. ili It's 20 minutes past 12 a.m.
Practice (Vježba)
13:35 - What time is it? It's twenty-five (minutes) to two p.m. (25 min to 2 p.m.)
1:35 - What time is it? It's twenty-five (minutes) to two a.m. (25 min to 2 a.m.)
16:18- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
4:18- What time is it? It's _____________________________________________.
22:06- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
10:06 - What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
8:20- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
20:20- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
7:30- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
19:30- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
7:40- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
19:40- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
11:55- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
23:55- What time is it? It's ____________________________________________.
2. Weather (vrijeme napolju - vremenska prognoza)
What's the weather like (outside) today? = Kakvo je vrijeme (napolju) danas?
Kada je u pitanju vrijeme i klima napolju i način kako se pita i odgovara na engleskom jeziku treba voditi
računa o sljedećem.
a) Na pitanje "What's the weather like.......?" obavezno odgovor početi sa It's (It is).
b) U odgovoru obavezno kombinovati dva pojma za vrijeme npr. sunčano i toplo, kišovito i hladno itd.
Primjeri: A: What's the weather like? B: It's sunny and warm (Sunčano je i toplo). / It's windy and cold (Vjetrovito je i hladno.)
Vocabulary /Riječi/: sunny (sunčano), hot (vruće), warm (toplo), rainy (kišovito), windy (vjetrovito), snowy (snježno),
cold (hladno), freezing (izuzetno hladno), scorching hot (izuzetno vruće), sultry (sparno i vruće),
pleasant (ugodno), pouring rain (lije kiša), shower (pljusak), light rain (lagana kiša),
drizzle (blaga ali konstantna kiša), blizzard (snježna oluja), thundering (grmljavina)....
3. Dates (datumi)
Kada čitamo datume u engleskom jeziku vodimo računa da se radi o rednim (1st - the first, 2nd - the second,
3rd - the third....prvi, drugi treći itd.) a ne o glavnim brojevima (1 - one, 2 - two, 3 - three).
Provjeri link (potraži na priloženom linku) : engeuroblok.webnode.page/basics-osnove/
Ispred rednog broja uvijek čitamo određeni član the. Ne pišemo ali čitamo "of" ispred datuma i mjeseca (npr. September 24 = the
twenty fourth of September - čitanjem). Godine čitamo tako što čitamo desetice (npr. 1987 = nineteeen (za 19)
i eighty-seven za 87). Godine nakon 2000 možemo čitati na ovaj način ili u punom obliku. (npr. 2008 = two thousand
eight ili twenty oh (zero) eight).
e.g.
July 27, 1999 = the twenty seventh (of) JUly, nineteen ninety-nine
January 5, 2014 = the fifth (of) January, two thousand fourteen / twenty fourteen
Practice (Vježba)
September 3, 2022 =
October 14, 1998 =
December 25, 1976 =
April 1, 2023 =
June 11, 2006 =
4. Absent students (odsutni učenici)
a) Odsutne učenike redar prijavljuje na početku časa kao odgovor na profesorovo pitanje.
Pitanje = Who's absent? (Who is absent?) = Ko je odsutan?
b) Odgovor učenika zavisi od toga da li je odsutan jedan ili više učenika ili su svi prisutni.
* Ako je jedan odsutan učenik (npr Emir Arifović) koristi oblik glagola to be za treće lice (is):
Arifovic Emir is absent?
* Ako su dva ili više učenika odsutna (npr Emir Arifović, Senad Bosankić i Alma Hadžić) učenik
koristi oblik glagola to be za treće lice množine (are):
Emir Arifovic, Senad Bosankic and Alma Hadzic are absent.
* Ako niko od učenika nije odsutan učenik koristi jednu od dvije ponuđene rečenice:
Everybody is here. (Svi su tu) ili Nobody is absent. (Niko nije odsutan)
c) Nakon prijavljivanja odsutnih učenika ali u slučaju kada je neko odsutan obavezna
rečenica koja slijedi je: Nobody else is absent. (Niko više nije odsutan.) ili
Everybody else is here. (Svi ostali su to.) U ove dvije rečenice rječju else napominjete
da ostali učenici nisu odsutni već su tu.
Primjer dijaloga:
Teacher: Good morning. Who is absent?
Monitor: Good morning. Emir Arifovic is absent.
Teacher: Anybody else (is absent)?
Monitor: Nobody else (is absent). / Everybody else is here.
Primjer dijaloga:
Teacher: Good morning. Who is absent?
Monitor: Good morning. Nobody is absent.
Teacher: Thank you. Can I hear the report?
Montir: Yes......
5. Situations / Primjeri primjene gore navedenog na času
Situation 1:
Teacher: Good morning.
Students: Good morning.
Teacher: Who are the montiors?
Monitors (stand up): We are.
Teacher: OK. Who's absent?
Monitor(s): Mirela Muminović and Azur Smajić are absent.
Teacher: Anybody else? (ili Anbody else is absent?)
Monitor(s): Nobody else. (ili Nobody else is absent).
Teacher: Thank you. Can I hear the report?
Monitors. Of course. It's Monday, the tenth (10th) of September, twenty twenty-two (2022).
September 10, 2022 (pisanjem, gore je navedeno kako čitamo)
It's sunny but cold outside. Right now it's quarter to eight a.m. /7:45 a.m. - ujutro/
Situation 2:
Teacher: Good afternoon.
Students: Good afternoon.
Teacher: Who are the montiors?
Monitors (stand up): We are.
Teacher: OK. Who's absent?
Monitor(s): Nobody is absent. (ili suprotna varijanta Everybody is here)
Teacher: Thank you. Can I hear the report?
Monitors. Of course. It's Wednesday, the fifteenth (15th) of April, twenty twenty-three (2023).
April 15, 2023 (pisanjem, gore je navedeno kako čitamo)
It's rainy and windy outside. Right now it's twenty minutes past four p.m. /16:20 p.m. - popodne/
Situation 3:
Teacher: Good evening.
Students: Good evening.
Teacher: Who are the montiors?
Monitors (stand up): We are.
Teacher: OK. Who's absent?
Monitor(s): Chris Smith is absent.
Teacher: OK. Anbody else?
Monitor(s): Nobody else is absent.
Teacher: Thank you. Can I hear the report?
Monitors. Of course. It's Friday, the third (3rd) of December, twenty twenty-two (2022).
December 3, 2022 (pisanjem, gore je navedeno kako čitamo)
It's cold and snowy outside. Right now it's three minutes to six p.m. /17:57 p.m. - uveče - obzirom da je zimsko doba/